males to cover the part of their body from below the navel up to a little below the knees. The navel is not included in Satr but knees are included.

(Durr-e-Mukhtar, Rad-dul-Muhtar, vol. 2, pp. 93)

These days, many people wear trousers below the navel in such a way that some part below the navel is exposed. In this state, if the Kurta etc. covers that area such that the colour of the skin is not visible, then it is fine, otherwise it is Haraam. If one-fourth of this part remained exposed in Salah, then the Salah would not be valid. (Bahar-e-Shari’at)

(One who has put on the Ihram of Hajj or ‘Umrah should particularly take great care.)

Nowadays, many people roam around in public wearing shorts, exposing their knees and thighs. This is Haraam. Looking towards the exposed knees and thighs of such people is also Haraam. Especially seaside, playgrounds and gyms are the common sights of these scenes. Therefore, one must take great care if he has to visit such places.

Wearing clothes showing arrogance is forbidden. Whether one has become arrogant or not can be determined by pondering over one’s state [i.e. mentality and manner]. If one has the same state after wearing the clothes he had before wearing, it indicates he has not become arrogant. If the previous state does not exist anymore, this shows he